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  2. Norm (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norm_(mathematics)

    The concept of unit circle (the set of all vectors of norm 1) is different in different norms: for the 1-norm, the unit circle is a square oriented as a diamond; for the 2-norm (Euclidean norm), it is the well-known unit circle; while for the infinity norm, it is an axis-aligned square.

  3. File:Prox function for both L2 and L1 norm.pdf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prox_function_for...

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  4. Lp space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lp_space

    For a real number, the -norm or -norm of is defined by ‖ ‖ = (| | + | | + + | |) /. The absolute value bars can be dropped when p {\displaystyle p} is a rational number with an even numerator in its reduced form, and x {\displaystyle x} is drawn from the set of real numbers, or one of its subsets.

  5. L2 norm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=L2_norm&redirect=no

    Norm (mathematics)#Euclidean norm To a section : This is a redirect from a topic that does not have its own page to a section of a page on the subject. For redirects to embedded anchors on a page, use {{ R to anchor }} instead .

  6. Feature scaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_scaling

    Unit vector normalization regards each individual data point as a vector, and divide each by its vector norm, to obtain ′ = / ‖ ‖. Any vector norm can be used, but the most common ones are the L1 norm and the L2 norm .

  7. Normalization (machine learning) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalization_(machine...

    The ScaleNorm replaces all LayerNorms inside a transformer by division with L2 norm, then multiplying by a learned parameter ′ (shared by all ScaleNorm modules of a transformer). Query-Key normalization ( QKNorm ) [ 32 ] normalizes query and key vectors to have unit L2 norm.

  8. Operator norm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator_norm

    In mathematics, the operator norm measures the "size" of certain linear operators by assigning each a real number called its operator norm. Formally, it is a norm defined on the space of bounded linear operators between two given normed vector spaces .

  9. Spectral flux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_flux

    Some implementations use the L1-norm rather than the L2-norm (i.e. the sum of absolute differences rather than the sum of squared differences). Some implementations do not normalise the spectra. For onset detection, increases in energy are important (not decreases), so some algorithms only include values calculated from bins in which the energy ...