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Herod the Great medallion from Promptuarium Iconum Insigniorum, 16th century. Herod was born around 72 BCE [11] [12] in Idumea, south of Judea.He was the second son of Antipater the Idumaean, a high-ranking official under ethnarch Hyrcanus II, and Cypros, a Nabatean Arab princess from Petra, in present-day Jordan.
The Gospel of Luke uses the census to date the birth of Jesus, which the Gospel of Matthew places in the time of Herod the Great (who died between 5 BCE and 1 CE). Most critical scholars acknowledge that Luke is in error, while some religious scholars have attempted to defend the gospel, sometimes invoking unproven claims.
41 BCE (): Herod the Great begins reign in Jerusalem, which year corresponds to the 3rd year of 185th Olympiad. [114] 34 BCE (): Battle of Actium, corresponds with 2nd year of 187th Olympiad, and seventh year of King Herod's reign [115] 7 BCE (): Death of King Herod the Great, after reigning 34 years from his taking Jerusalem. [116]
Herod I the Great king of Judea: 5.Cleopatra of Jerusalem 6.Pallas 7.Phaidra 8.Elpis: Phasael governor of Jerusalem (1) Antipater heir of Judaea (2) Alexander I prince of Judea (2) Aristobulus IV prince of Judea (3) Herod II Philip prince of Judea (4) Herod Archelaus ethnarch of Judea, Idumea (4) Herod Antipas tetrarch of Galilea & Perea (5 ...
Herod the Great was appointed King of the Jews by the Roman Senate, replacing the Hasmonean dynasty with the Herodian dynasty. 6-4: Jesus of Nazareth was born in Bethlehem, Herodian Kingdom. Birth of Jesus by Hans Pleydenwurff
He has challenged the consensus on the date of the death of Herod the Great, arguing that Herod died in 1 BC (Steinmann, Andrew. "When Did Herod the Great Reign?", Novum Testamentum, Volume 51, Number 1, 2009, pp. 1–29).
The Herodian dynasty began with Herod the Great who assumed the throne of Judea, with Roman support, bringing down the century-old Hasmonean Kingdom. His kingdom lasted until his death in 4 BCE, when it was divided among his sons and daughter as a tetrarchy , which lasted for about 10 years.
Herod, in exile in Rome, is declared king by the Roman Senate. [126] 40–37 BCE. Reign of Antigonus II Mattathias as puppet king of the Parthians. His reign is consumed by a losing war against a Roman army commanded by Mark Antony and an army raised by Herod backing his own claim. [126] Summer 37 BCE. Jerusalem is retaken and Antigonus II is ...