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In a broader sense he asserted that all fallacies are a form of ignoratio elenchi. [3] [4] Ignoratio Elenchi, according to Aristotle, is a fallacy that arises from "ignorance of the nature of refutation". To refute an assertion, Aristotle says we must prove its contradictory; the proof, consequently, of a proposition which stood in any other ...
There is a debate over whether the argument from ignorance is always fallacious. It is generally accepted that there are only special circumstances in which this argument may not be fallacious. For example, with the presumption of innocence in legal cases, it would make sense to argue: [5] It has not been proven that the defendant is guilty.
Examples of this include the speaker or writer: [48] Diverting the argument to unrelated issues with a red herring (Ignoratio elenchi) Insulting someone's character (argumentum ad hominem) Assuming the conclusion of an argument, a kind of circular reasoning, also called "begging the question" (petitio principii) Making jumps in logic (non sequitur)
ignoratio elenchi: ignorance of the issue: The logical fallacy of irrelevant conclusion: making an argument that, while possibly valid, doesn't prove or support the proposition it claims to. An ignoratio elenchi that is an intentional attempt to mislead or confuse the opposing party is known as a red herring. Elenchi is from the Greek elenchos.
ignoratio elenchi: "red herring" No. 9. false compromise/middle ground; No. 12. argument in a circle; No. 13. begging the question; No. 17. equivocation; No. 18. false dilemma: black and white thinking; No. 19. continuum fallacy (fallacy of the beard) No. 21. ad nauseam: "argumentum ad nauseam" or "argument from repetition" or "argumentum ad ...
Logical Fallacies, Literacy Education Online; Informal Fallacies, Texas State University page on informal fallacies; Stephen's Guide to the Logical Fallacies (mirror) Visualization: Rhetological Fallacies, Information is Beautiful; Master List of Logical Fallacies, University of Texas at El Paso; Fallacies, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Ignoratio elenchi – a conclusion that is irrelevant. Imitatio – the practice of emulating, adapting, reworking and enriching a source text by an earlier author. Institutio Oratoria – educational and rhetorical principles as described and prescribed in a treatise by Quintillian .
Closely connected with begging the question is the fallacy of circular reasoning (circulus in probando), a fallacy in which the reasoner begins with the conclusion. [26] The individual components of a circular argument can be logically valid because if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true, and does not lack relevance.