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With the creation of the political districts (Bezirke) in 1868, which go back to the December Constitution of 1867, [6] the Kreis divisions were abolished and replaced with much more finely divided Bezirk divisions; however, the newly created district commissions (Bezirkshauptmannschaften) were strongly influenced by the former Kreis administrations.
The most significant state by far in the circle was the Duchy of Bavaria (raised to an Electorate by Emperor Ferdinand II in 1623) with the Upper Palatinate territories. [1] Other Imperial Estates like the Prince- Archbishopric of Salzburg , the Prince-Bishoprics of Freising , Passau and Regensburg as well as the Imperial city of Regensburg ...
Following the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 and the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the various German states gained nominal sovereignty. However, the reunification process that culminated in the creation of the German Empire in 1871, produced a country that was constituted of several principalities and dominated by one of them, the Kingdom of Prussia after it had ultimately ...
The Franconian Circle as at 1789, before the French Revolutionary Wars and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. The Franconian Circle (German: Fränkischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle established in 1500 in the centre of the Holy Roman Empire.
The Burgundian Circle (German: Burgundischer Kreis, Dutch: Bourgondische Kreits, French: Cercle de Bourgogne) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire created in 1512 and significantly enlarged in 1548.
Kreis (Habsburg monarchy), a former type of subdivision of the Habsburg monarchy and Austrian Empire Reichkreise , or Imperial Circles , ceremonial associations of several regional monarchies ( Reichsländer ) and/or imperial cities ( Reichsstädte ) in the Holy Roman Empire
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The district showed the fundamental problem of the whole empire: A strong influence of foreign rulers and micro-sized territories. After the Napoleonic wars the area went to Prussia , which in 1816 created the district as part of its Rhineland province.