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Microsoft Entra ID (formerly known as Microsoft Azure Active Directory or Azure AD) is a cloud-based identity and access management (IAM) solution. It is a directory and identity management service that operates in the cloud and offers authentication and authorization services to various Microsoft services, such as Microsoft 365, Dynamics 365, Microsoft Azure and third-party services. [1]
In computer security, an access-control list (ACL) is a list of permissions [a] associated with a system resource (object or facility). An ACL specifies which users or system processes are granted access to resources, as well as what operations are allowed on given resources. [1] Each entry in a typical ACL specifies a subject and an operation.
The Contributor Roles Taxonomy, commonly known as CRediT, is a controlled vocabulary of types of contributions to a research project. [1] CRediT is commonly used by scientific journals to provide an indication of what each contributor to a project did. The CRediT standard includes machine-readable metadata. [2]
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Role-based access control is a policy-neutral access control mechanism defined around roles and privileges. The components of RBAC such as role-permissions, user-role and role-role relationships make it simple to perform user assignments. A study by NIST has demonstrated that RBAC addresses many needs of commercial and government organizations. [4]
Microsoft Azure, or just Azure (/ˈæʒər, ˈeɪʒər/ AZH-ər, AY-zhər, UK also /ˈæzjʊər, ˈeɪzjʊər/ AZ-ure, AY-zure), [5] [6] [7] is the cloud computing platform developed by Microsoft. It has management, access and development of applications and services to individuals, companies, and governments through its global infrastructure.
It is designed to provide high availability, scalability, and low-latency access to data for modern applications. Unlike traditional relational databases, Cosmos DB is a NoSQL (meaning "Not only SQL", rather than "zero SQL") and vector database, [ 1 ] which means it can handle unstructured, semi-structured, structured, and vector data types.
Azure offers both the platform via web interface (Platform as a Service) and the hardware via virtual servers allocated to Azure accounts for data storage and processing (Infrastructure as a Service). [5] Azure Search resides within the Microsoft IaaS and PaaS suite as a service, I.E. Search as a Service (SaaS).