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In computing, CHKDSK (short for "check disk") is a system tool and command in DOS, Digital Research FlexOS, [1] IBM/Toshiba 4690 OS, [2] IBM OS/2, [3] Microsoft Windows and related operating systems. It verifies the file system integrity of a volume and attempts to fix logical file system errors.
CHKDSK verifies a storage volume (for example, a hard disk, disk partition or floppy disk) for file system integrity. The command has the ability to fix errors on a volume and recover information from defective disk sectors of a volume. The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later. [1]
These file systems have built-in checksumming and either mirroring or parity for extra redundancy on one or several block devices: Bcachefs – Full data and metadata checksumming, [9] [10] bcache is the bottom half of the filesystem.
Microsoft ships this utility with Windows 98, Windows 2000 and all subsequent versions of the Windows NT family of operating systems. In Windows Vista, Windows 7 and Windows 10, System File Checker is integrated with Windows Resource Protection (WRP), which protects registry keys and folders as well as critical system files.
An example is the autochk.exe binary that runs chkdsk during the system initialization "Blue Screen". Other prominent examples are the services that implement the various subsystems, such as csrss.exe .
On the Recovery Console, which is included in all Windows 2000, Windows XP and Windows Server 2003, there is a diskpart command which is significantly different from the one included in the actual operating system.
Security clearances can be issued by many United States of America government agencies, including the Department of Defense (DoD), the Department of State (DOS), the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), the Department of Energy (DoE), the Department of Justice (DoJ), the National Security Agency (NSA), and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
>CHKDSK is the use of the Command-line/R parameter, which allows the program to repair damage it finds on the hard drive. This is wrong, CHKDSK doesn't repair damage it copies data in bad sector AND replaces unreadable part of bad sector with zeros. Some data will be lost. Bold textIt is not tool for recovering the critical data.