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Scleroderma, also known as systemic sclerosis, is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterised by hardening (sclero) of the skin (derma) that affects internal organs in its more severe forms. [ 159 ] [ 160 ] mTOR plays a role in fibrotic diseases and autoimmunity, and blockade of the mTORC pathway is under investigation as a treatment ...
Systemic scleroderma, or systemic sclerosis, is an autoimmune rheumatic disease characterised by excessive production and accumulation of collagen, called fibrosis, in the skin and internal organs and by injuries to small arteries. There are two major subgroups of systemic sclerosis based on the extent of skin involvement: limited and diffuse ...
Patients with systemic sclerosis also display hypomethylation of the collagen genes COL23A1 and COL4A2. This overexpression of these collagen genes leads an overproduction of collagen characteristic to tissue fibrosis. The TGF-β signaling pathway and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway also play an important role in this disease.
In cell biology, there are a multitude of signalling pathways. Cell signalling is part of the molecular biology system that controls and coordinates the actions of cells.. Akt/PKB signalling pathway
CD226 (Cluster of Differentiation 226), PTA1 (outdated term, 'platelet and T cell activation antigen 1') [5] or DNAM-1 (DNAX Accessory Molecule-1) [5] is a ~65 kDa immunoglobulin-like transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on the surface of natural killer cells, NK T cell, B cells, dendritic cells, hematopoietic precursor cells, platelets, monocytes and T cells.
As of 2012, the five-year survival rate for systemic scleroderma was about 85%, whereas the 10-year survival rate was just under 70%. [43] This varies according to the subtype; while localized scleroderma rarely results in death, the systemic form can, and the diffuse systemic form carries a worse prognosis than the limited form.
High dietary salt intake may activate a novel molecular pathway that could trigger autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), a new study finds. High salt intake may trigger mechanism ...
S1PR1 activation is involved in immune cell regulation and development; vascular growth and development during embryogenesis; motility of cancer cells; it is also over-expressed in MS lesions. Receptos Celgene has a drug in development, Ozanimod , which modulates S1P1R1 in the treatment of immune-inflammatory diseases MS and ulcerative colitis .