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Canada is divided into 10 provinces and three territories.The majority of Canada's population is concentrated in the areas close to the Canada–US border.Its four largest provinces by area (Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, and Alberta) are also its most populous; together they account for 86.5 percent of the country's population.
In terms of percent change, the fastest-growing province or territory was Nunavut with an increase of 12.7% between 2011 and 2016, followed by Alberta with 11.6% growth, while New Brunswick's population decreased by 0.5%. [20] Generally, Canadian provinces have steadily grown in population along with Canada.
Province/territory Largest municipality 2nd largest 3rd largest Alberta: Calgary: Edmonton: Strathcona County: British Columbia: Vancouver: Surrey: Burnaby: Manitoba
Immigration has been, and remains, the most important factor in Canada's population growth. [6] The 2021 Canadian census counted a total population of 36,991,981, an increase of around 5.2 per cent over the 2016 figure. [7] [8] Between 1990 and 2008, the population increased by 5.6 million, equivalent to 20.4 per cent overall growth. [9]
Shaded blocks indicate periods before the province or territory joined the Canadian Confederation. Instances where the reported figure came from a different year's population count (primarily pre-1861 and for Newfoundland) are noted. Total Canadian population row includes the population of Newfoundland and Labrador.
This is a list of the census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada by population, using data from the 2021 Canadian census and the 2016 Canadian census. [1] Each entry is identified as a census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) as defined by Statistics Canada.
By land area alone, Canada ranks fourth, due to having the world's largest area of fresh water lakes. [116] Stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the east, along the Arctic Ocean to the north, and to the Pacific Ocean in the west, the country encompasses 9,984,670 square kilometres (3,855,100 sq mi) of territory. [ 117 ]
This leaves the vast majority of Canada's territory as sparsely populated wilderness; Canada's population density is 3.5 people per square kilometre (9.1 people/sq mi), among the lowest in the world. Despite this, 79.7 percent of Canada's population resides in urban areas, where population densities are increasing. [75]