Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The words cistron and gene were coined before the advancing state of biology made it clear to many people that the concepts they refer to, at least in some senses of the word gene, are either equivalent or nearly so. The same historical naming practices are responsible for many of the synonyms in the life sciences.
A typical operon. In genetics, an operon is a functioning unit of DNA containing a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter. [1] The genes are transcribed together into an mRNA strand and either translated together in the cytoplasm, or undergo splicing to create monocistronic mRNAs that are translated separately, i.e. several strands of mRNA that each encode a single gene product.
Multicistronic message is an archaic term for Polycistronic. Monocistronic, bicistronic and tricistronic are also used to describe mRNA with single, double and triple coding areas (exons). Note that the base word cistron is no longer used in genetics, and has been replaced by intron and exon in eukaryotic mRNA. However, the mRNA found in ...
The vertebrate mitochondrial code; The yeast mitochondrial code; The mold, protozoan, and coelenterate mitochondrial code and the mycoplasma/spiroplasma code; The invertebrate mitochondrial code; The ciliate, dasycladacean and hexamita nuclear code; The deleted kinetoplast code; cf. table 4. deleted, cf. table 1. The echinoderm and flatworm ...
A class of regulatory proteins encoded by the TP53 gene in vertebrates which bind DNA and regulate gene expression in order to protect the genome from mutation and block progression through the cell cycle if DNA damage does occur. [4] It is mutated in more than 50% of human cancers, indicating it plays a crucial role in preventing cancer formation.
In fact, many prokaryotic genes occur in operons, which are a series of genes that work together to code for the same protein or gene product and are controlled by a single promoter. [2] Bacterial RNA polymerase is made up of four subunits and when a fifth subunit attaches, called the sigma factor (σ-factor), the polymerase can recognize ...
It can also affect the expression of the gene in which it occurs, if it occurs in a transcribed region. These mutations tend to occur early within the sequence of genes and can be nonsense, frameshift, or insertion mutations. Polar mutations are found only in organisms containing polycistronic mRNA. [1] [2] [3]
[24] [25] On the other hand, polycistronic mRNA carries several open reading frames (ORFs), each of which is translated into a polypeptide. These polypeptides usually have a related function (they often are the subunits composing a final complex protein) and their coding sequence is grouped and regulated together in a regulatory region ...