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Before 1914, Petrograd was known as Saint Petersburg, and in 1905 the workers' soviet called the St Petersburg Soviet was created. But the main precursor to the 1917 Petrograd Soviet was the Central Workers' Group (Центральная Рабочая Группа, Tsentral'naya Rabochaya Gruppa), founded in November 1915 by the Mensheviks to mediate between workers and the new Central War ...
The decision to hold the Congress as the highest organ of the Soviets was taken at the Meeting, organizational work was entrusted to the Executive Committee of the Petrograd Soviet, which included 16 representatives of provincial Soviets and front-line army units, which expanded its authority throughout the country until the convocation of the ...
The Order No. 1 (Russian: Prikaz nomer odin) was issued March 1, 1917 (March 14 New Style) and was the first official decree of the Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies. The order was issued following the February Revolution in response to actions taken the day before by the Provisional Committee of the State Duma, headed by ...
The socialists at the Petrograd Soviet feared that officers were the most likely counter revolutionary elements and the intention of the Order was to limit their power. These orders rendered the officers powerless at the Russian front lines of World War I, which led to confusion, disastrous military discipline, and desertions. [4]
The Soviet, which met at the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, soon had delegates representing some 200,000 people. The number of delegates first grew to 400 and then to 560. A new publication, Izvestia, was also created by the Soviet. [3] Trotsky describes the Soviet's growth between October and the end of November as follows:
The city's proximity to anti-Soviet armies forced communist leader Vladimir Lenin to move his government to Moscow on 5 March 1918. The move was disguised as temporary, but Moscow has remained the capital ever since. On 24 January 1924, three days after Lenin's death, Petrograd was renamed Leningrad.
Soviet assembly in Petrograd, 1917. A soviet (Russian: совет, romanized: sovet, IPA: ⓘ, lit. ' council ') is a workers' council that follows a socialist ideology, particularly in the context of the Russian Revolution. Soviets were the main form of government in the Russian SFSR and the Makhnovshchina.
The Provisional Government's chief adversary on the left was the Petrograd Soviet, a Communist committee then taking over and ruling Russia's most important port city, which tentatively cooperated with the government at first, but then gradually gained control of the Imperial Army, local factories, and the Russian Railway. [6]