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Vitamin B 12 deficiency can be extremely serious and lead to megaloblastic anemia, nerve degeneration and irreversible neurological damage. [7] Vegetarians may get vitamin B 12 from eggs and dairy products (milk, cheese, etc.); [8] for some, this is adequate, while others may still remain B 12-deficient. [1]
Nutritional anemia can be caused by a lack of iron, protein, vitamin B12, and other vitamins and minerals that are needed for the formation of hemoglobin. However, Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional disorder. [7] Signs of anemia include cyanosis, jaundice, and easy bruising. [7]
Vitamin B 12 deficiency is potentially extremely serious, leading to megaloblastic anemia (an undersupply of oxygen due to malformed red blood cells), [71] nerve degeneration and irreversible neurological damage. [72] Cases of severe vitamin B 12 deficiency have been reported in vegan adults, children [73] infants and toddlers. [74]
Mineral deficiency is a lack of the dietary minerals, the micronutrients that are needed for an organism's proper health. [1] The cause may be a poor diet , impaired uptake of the minerals that are consumed, or a dysfunction in the organism's use of the mineral after it is absorbed.
Eyes can be itchy, watery, bloodshot and sensitive to light. Riboflavin deficiency also causes anemia with red blood cells that are normal in size and hemoglobin content, but reduced in number. This is distinct from anemia caused by deficiency of folic acid or vitamin B 12. [21] [22]
The WHO estimates that 5.2 million of these children under five are affected by night blindness, which is considered clinical vitamin A deficiency. [121] Severe vitamin A deficiency (VAD) for developing children can result in visual impairments, anemia and weakened immunity, and increase their risk of morbidity and mortality from infectious ...
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