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The NIST Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures [1] is a reference work maintained by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology. It defines a large number of terms relating to algorithms and data structures. For algorithms and data structures not necessarily mentioned here, see list of algorithms and list of data structures.
In contrast, procedural programming is about dividing the program implementation into variables, data structures, and subroutines. An important distinction is that while procedural involves procedures to operate on data structures, OOP bundles the two together. An object is a data structure and the behavior associated with that data structure. [3]
A data structure known as a hash table.. In computer science, a data structure is a data organization and storage format that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. [1] [2] [3] More precisely, a data structure is a collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can be applied to the data, [4] i.e., it is an algebraic structure about data.
A data structure consisting of a collection of elements (values or variables), each identified by at least one array index or key. An array is stored such that the position of each element can be computed from its index tuple by a mathematical formula. [9] [10] [11] The simplest type of data structure is a linear array, also called a one ...
This defines the factorial function using its recursive definition. In contrast, it is more typical to define a procedure for an imperative language. In lisps and lambda calculus, functions are generally first-class citizens. Loosely, this means that functions can be inputs and outputs for other functions.
This is a list of well-known data structures. For a wider list of terms, see list of terms relating to algorithms and data structures. For a comparison of running times for a subset of this list see comparison of data structures.
The description logic community uses different terminology than the first-order logic (FOL) community for operationally equivalent notions; some examples are given below. . The Web Ontology Language (OWL) uses again a different terminology, also given in the table bel
Function calls and blocks of code, such as code contained within a loop, are often replaced by a one-line natural language sentence. Depending on the writer, pseudocode may therefore vary widely in style, from a near-exact imitation of a real programming language at one extreme, to a description approaching formatted prose at the other.