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The most common special file is the directory. The layout of a directory file is defined by the filesystem used. As several filesystems are available under Unix, both native and non-native, there is no one directory file layout. A directory is marked with a d as the first letter in the mode field in the output of ls -dl [5] or stat, e.g.
When they got a third drive, users' files were moved to a new directory named /home. [ 28 ] FHS was created as the FSSTND (short for "Filesystem Standard" [ 29 ] ), largely based on similar standards for other Unix-like operating systems.
The "user file system": originally the directory holding user home directories, [15] but already by the Third Edition of Research Unix, ca. 1973, reused to split the operating system's programs over two disks (one of them a 256K fixed-head drive) so that basic commands would either appear in /bin or /usr/bin. [17]
Inode 0 is reserved for unallocated directory entries, inode 1 was the inode of the bad block file in historical UNIX versions, followed by the inode for the root directory, which is always inode 2 and the inode for the lost+found directory which is inode 3. Directory files contain only the list of filenames in the directory and the inode ...
Shared-disk file systems (also called shared-storage file systems, SAN file system, Clustered file system or even cluster file systems) are primarily used in a storage area network where all nodes directly access the block storage where the file system is located. This makes it possible for nodes to fail without affecting access to the file ...
View of the root directory in the OpenIndiana operating system. In a computer file system, and primarily used in the Unix and Unix-like operating systems, the root directory is the first or top-most directory in a hierarchy. [1] It can be likened to the trunk of a tree, as the starting point where all branches originate from.
words is a standard file on Unix and Unix-like operating systems, and is simply a newline-delimited list of dictionary words. It is used, for instance, by spell-checking programs. [1] The words file is usually stored in /usr/share/dict/words or /usr/dict/words.
In early versions of Unix, the root directory was the home directory of the root user, but modern Unix usually uses another directory such as /root for this purpose. In keeping with Unix philosophy, Unix systems treat directories as a type of file. [3]