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A paraganglioma is a rare neuroendocrine neoplasm that may develop at various body sites (including the head, neck, thorax and abdomen). When the same type of tumor is found in the adrenal gland, they are referred to as a pheochromocytoma .
Adrenal pheochromocytomas are usually benign while extra-adrenal ones are more malignant. [3] They are most of the time in the adrenals, and only rarely outside of the abdomen. They usually secrete hormones and estimates of a familial history vary. [1] [2] Nonchromaffin paragangliomas are usually benign. [3]
10% of patients have bilateral (both left and right adrenal glands) disease; 10% of patients have extra-adrenal (paraganglioma) disease; 10% of patients have inherited (familial disease) Despite the prominence in many respected textbooks, these guidelines have since been established as inaccurate and are not used in current epidemiological ...
It can be the source of paraganglioma. [8]The organ of Zuckerkandl is of pathological significance in the adult as a common extra-adrenal site of pheochromocytoma though the most common extra-adrenal site is in the superior para-aortic region between the diaphragm and lower renal poles.
Carney triad (CT), named for J Aidan Carney, is considered to be a specific type of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). The three classically associated tumors are a subset of gastric epithelioid leiomyosarcoma (it is now known that this subset is actually gastrointestinal stromal tumor arising from the interstitial cells of Cajal), pulmonary chondroma, and extra-adrenal paraganglioma.
The adrenal cortex is composed of three distinct layers of endocrine cells which produce critical steroid hormones.These include the glucocorticoids, which are critical for regulation of blood sugar and the immune system, as well as response to physiological stress; the mineralcorticoid aldosterone, which regulates blood pressure and kidney function; and certain sex hormones.
He says Schaetzel told him he believes Floyd died not from asphyxia from Chauvin’s actions, but from complications of a rare tumor called a paraganglioma that can cause a fatal surge of adrenaline.
Adrenal tumors, particularly adrenomedullary tumors; Pheochromocytoma; Peripheral nervous system tumors, such as: Schwannoma; paraganglioma; neuroblastoma; Breast [26] Genitourinary tract urinary tract carcinoid tumor and neuroendocrine carcinoma [27] [28] ovary; neuroendocrine tumor of the cervix [29] Prostate tumor with neuroendocrine ...