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First to coin the term ecosystem in 1936 and notable researcher [72] [80] [81] Charles Christopher Adams: 1873–1955: Animal ecologist, biogeographer, author of first American book on animal ecology in 1913, founded ecological energetics [82] [83] Friedrich Ratzel: 1844–1904: German geographer who first coined the term biogeography in 1891 ...
Historical ecologists recognize that landscapes undergo continuous alteration over time and these modifications are part of that landscape's history. Historical ecology recognizes that there is a primary and a secondary succession that occurs in the landscape.
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Ancient Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle were among the first to record observations on natural history. However, they viewed life in terms of essentialism , where species were conceptualized as static unchanging things while varieties were seen as aberrations of an idealized type .
George Evelyn Hutchinson ForMemRS (January 30, 1903 – May 17, 1991) was a British ecologist sometimes described as the "father of modern ecology." [2] He contributed for more than sixty years to the fields of limnology, systems ecology, radiation ecology, entomology, genetics, biogeochemistry, a mathematical theory of population growth, art history, philosophy, religion, and anthropology. [3]
While at the University of Nebraska, he met Edith Gertrude Schwartz (1874–1971), also a botanist and ecologist, and they were married in 1899. [1] [5] In 1905 he was appointed full professor at the University of Nebraska, but left in 1907 to head the botany department at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis.
Roberts as professor at Vassar College. Edith Adelaide Roberts (1881–1977) was an American botanist studying plant physiology and a pioneer in plant ecology.She created the first ecological laboratory in the United States, promoted natural landscaping along with Elsa Rehmann, and proved that plants were the main source of vitamin A.
"A commentary on American plant ecology, based on the textbooks of 1947-1949," Ecology 32 (1951): 673–694. "Vegetation science concepts I: Initial floristic composition, a factor in old-field vegetation development," Vegetatio 4 (1954):412-417. "Science, industry, and the abuse of rights of way," Science 127 (1958): 573–80.