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An ignition coil consists of an iron core surrounded by two coils (windings) made from copper wire.The primary winding has relatively few turns of heavy wire, while the secondary winding consists of thousands of turns of smaller wire and is insulated from the high voltage by enamel on the wires and layers of oiled paper insulation.
A variation coil-on-plug ignition has each coil handle two plugs, on cylinders which are 360 degrees out of phase (and therefore reach top dead center (TDC) at the same time); in the four-cycle engine this means that one plug will be sparking during the end of the exhaust stroke while the other fires at the usual time, a so-called "wasted spark ...
Induction coil showing construction, from 1920. An induction coil or "spark coil" (archaically known as an inductorium or Ruhmkorff coil [1] after Heinrich Rühmkorff) is a type of electrical transformer [2] [3] [4] used to produce high-voltage pulses from a low-voltage direct current (DC) supply.
When the contact breaker opens the circuit, the magnetic field collapses, causing a high electric voltage in the primary and secondary coils. However, due to the greater number of turns of the secondary coil, the voltage is much higher, causing a larger spark at the ignitor or spark plug, meaning more assured ignition.
A predecessor system called "Unitized Ignition" was optional on 1972 and 1973 Pontiacs. [citation needed] Most—but not all—HEI systems have the ignition coil mounted in the distributor cap. A control module and magnetic pickup are mounted in the distributor, in place of a conventional ignition system's breaker points and condenser.
The ignition coil is a transformer. The primary winding (called the low-tension winding in early texts) is connected to the battery voltage when the points are closed. Due to the inductance of the coil, the current in this circuit builds gradually. This current creates a magnetic field in the coil, which stores a quantity of energy.
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