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  2. Carcinogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenesis

    Development of cancer was proposed in 1971 to depend on at least two mutational events. In what became known as the Knudson two-hit hypothesis, an inherited, germ-line mutation in a tumor suppressor gene would cause cancer only if another mutation event occurred later in the organism's life, inactivating the other allele of that tumor ...

  3. Causes of cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causes_of_cancer

    Hereditary cancers are primarily caused by an inherited genetic defect. A cancer syndrome or family cancer syndrome is a genetic disorder in which inherited genetic mutations in one or more genes predisposes the affected individuals to the development of cancers and may also cause the early onset of these cancers. Although cancer syndromes ...

  4. This Christmas, ask for genetic testing. It could save your life.

    www.aol.com/christmas-ask-genetic-testing-could...

    Doctors discovered a lump during her sister's mammogram back in 2008 that came back positive for breast cancer. Genetic testing revealed both had the BRCA geneone that puts someone at higher ...

  5. Somatic evolution in cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_evolution_in_cancer

    In whole genome sequencing of different types of cancers, large numbers of mutations were found in two breast cancers (about 20,000 point mutations [43]), 25 melanomas (9,000 to 333,000 point mutations [44]) and a lung cancer (50,000 point mutations and 54,000 small additions and deletions [45]). Genome instability is also referred to as an ...

  6. Oncogene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncogene

    If, through mutation, normal genes promoting cellular growth are up-regulated (gain-of-function mutation), they predispose the cell to cancer and are termed oncogenes. Usually, multiple oncogenes, along with mutated apoptotic or tumor suppressor genes, act in concert to cause cancer. Since the 1970s, dozens of oncogenes have been identified in ...

  7. New breast cancer genes found in women of African ancestry ...

    www.aol.com/news/breast-cancer-genes-found-women...

    Women in the study carrying all six genes were 4.2 times more likely to be diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer than those with none or only one of the variants, the study found.

  8. Oncogenomics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncogenomics

    Oncogenomics is a sub-field of genomics that characterizes cancer-associated genes.It focuses on genomic, epigenomic and transcript alterations in cancer. Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of DNA mutations and epigenetic alterations leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation.

  9. Malignant transformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malignant_transformation

    One underlying commonality in cancers is genetic mutation, acquired either by inheritance, or, more commonly, by mutations in one's somatic DNA over time. The mutations considered important in cancers are those that alter protein coding genes (the exome). As Vogelstein et al. point out, a typical tumor contains two to eight exome "driver gene ...

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