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Pandanus pluriloculatus is a tree up to 22 m tall with a dark brown bark and a spiny trunk up to 30 cm in diameter. The crown of the tree is narrowly cylindric, with three spirals of large leaves at the top. Most of the trunk below the crown has many short branchlets with narrow leaves and fruit spikes.
Pandanus is a genus of monocots with about 578 accepted species. [1] They are palm-like, dioecious trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics and subtropics. Common names include pandan, screw palm and screw pine. They are classified in the order Pandanales, family Pandanaceae. [2] [3]
Pandanaceae is a family of flowering plants native to the tropics and subtropics of the Old World, from West Africa to the Pacific.It contains 982 known species [2] in five genera, [3] of which the type genus, Pandanus, is the most important, with species like Pandanus amaryllifolius and karuka (Pandanus julianettii) being important sources of food.
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Most varieties produce 8 to 12 fruits per tree every 2 years. [9] Each fruit usually weighs between 7 and 15 kg (15 and 33 lb) and contains 35 to 80 edible keys. [9] Pandanus tectorius plants are usually propagated by seed in Hawaii. [18] Soak the keys in cool tap water for 5 days while frequently changing the water. [25]
Pandanus utilis was discovered by French naturalist Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent. Although they were given a common name of pine, they are monocots, more closely related to grasses, orchids and palms than to conifer trees such as pines. Their name is derived from the spiral arrangement of their leaves around the branches. [9]
(Pandanus rigidifolius is the only other local species of Pandanus to have rigid, incurved leaves but it is a smaller decumbent species and its leaves are smaller and replicate.) The large (20–25 cm) fruit-head is held erect on a short peduncle. Each fruit-head is packed with 20-30 purple, flattened, angular drupes. [1] [2] [3]
Pandanus obeliscus is a screwpine, or pandan endemic to Madagascar, [1] Its common name is vacoua en pyramide. It is up to sixty feet (18 meters) in height and up to three feet (0.91 meters) in diameter at breast height. By reason of its very thick primary growth it may be the most massive (heaviest) of all pandans. [2]