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Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) is a surgical procedure in which a portion of the sympathetic nerve trunk in the thoracic region is destroyed. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] ETS is used to treat excessive sweating in certain parts of the body ( focal hyperhidrosis ), facial flushing , Raynaud's disease and reflex sympathetic dystrophy .
They also experience complications with systemic and pulmonary blood vessels, significant morbidity, and sometimes death. [2] All patients with situs ambiguus lack lateralization and symmetry of organs in the abdominal and thoracic cavities and are clinically considered to have a form of heterotaxy syndrome.
This is the best area to access and obtain a clear view of the nerves in the uterus. Proper precautions must be taken as to avoid unnecessary complications with the major blood vessels surrounding the uterus. Some of the complications post-operation include urinary retention, as well as constipation. Neither has been reported to cause lasting ...
Identifying the level of entrapment is an important consideration for surgery as decompressing the wrong area will lead to a failed surgery (e.g. performing back surgery for extra-spinal sciatica), [2] [3] failure to treat nerve entrapment early can lead to permanent nerve injury, [4] and the patient may be unnecessarily exposed to surgical ...
This is the reason for the restriction on driving, because a sudden defensive maneuver, such as a jerk of the steering wheel, could dislodge the bar up to six weeks directly after the surgery. Other complications which may occur include hemothorax, pleural effusion, pericarditis, wound infection and pneumonia and acquired scoliosis.
Due to its long, relatively superficial course, the long thoracic nerve is susceptible to injury, either through direct trauma or stretch. [7] Mechanisms of injury include: nerve lesions. [3] various sports injuries, typically occurring from a blow to the ribs underneath an outstretched arm. surgery for shoulder and thorax. [8]
Exhalation against the closed glottis along with the traumatic event causes air that cannot escape from the thoracic cavity. Instead, the air causes increased venous back-pressure, which is transferred back to the heart through the right atrium , to the superior vena cava and to the head and neck veins and capillaries.
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) or intraoperative neuromonitoring is the use of electrophysiological methods such as electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), and evoked potentials to monitor the functional integrity of certain neural structures (e.g., nerves, spinal cord and parts of the brain) during surgery.