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  2. Cold trap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_trap

    In vacuum applications, a cold trap is a device that condenses all vapors except the permanent gases (hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen) into a liquid or solid. [ 2 ] [ needs update ] The most common objective is to prevent vapors being evacuated from an experiment from entering a vacuum pump where they would condense and contaminate it.

  3. Degassing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degassing

    Chemists remove gases from solvents when the compounds they are working on are possibly air- or oxygen-sensitive (air-free technique), or when bubble formation at solid-liquid interfaces becomes a problem. The formation of gas bubbles when a liquid is frozen can also be undesirable, necessitating degassing beforehand.

  4. Liquid oxygen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_oxygen

    Liquid oxygen has a clear cyan color and is strongly paramagnetic: it can be suspended between the poles of a powerful horseshoe magnet. [2] Liquid oxygen has a density of 1.141 kg/L (1.141 g/ml), slightly denser than liquid water, and is cryogenic with a freezing point of 54.36 K (−218.79 °C; −361.82 °F) and a boiling point of 90.19 K (−182.96 °C; −297.33 °F) at 1 bar (15 psi).

  5. Kilner jar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilner_jar

    The Kilner Jar was originally invented by John Kilner (1792–1857) and associates, [4] and made by a firm of glass bottlemakers from Yorkshire called Kilner which he set up. [5] The original Kilner bottlemakers operated from 1842, when the company was first founded, until 1937, when the company went into liquidation.

  6. Oxygen compatibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_compatibility

    In an oxygen system the presence of oxygen is implied, and in a sufficiently high partial pressure of oxygen, most materials can be considered fuel. Potential ignition sources are present in almost all oxygen systems, but fire hazards can be mitigated by controlling the risk factors associated with the oxygen, fuel, or heat, which can limit the ...

  7. Flash freezing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_freezing

    The freezing speed directly influences the nucleation process and ice crystal size. A supercooled liquid will stay in a liquid state below the normal freezing point when it has little opportunity for nucleation; that is if it is pure enough and has a smooth enough container. Once agitated it will rapidly become a solid.

  8. Food Safety Experts Warn That Storing Produce in Jars Could ...

    www.aol.com/food-safety-experts-warn-storing...

    “One of the main risks with this trend is storing produce in jars submerged in water, as this can lead to the growth of bacteria that can cause illness,” says food safety expert Ellen Shumaker ...

  9. Home canning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_canning

    Preserved food in Mason jars. Home canning or bottling, also known colloquially as putting up or processing, is the process of preserving foods, in particular, fruits, vegetables, and meats, by packing them into glass jars and then heating the jars to create a vacuum seal and kill the organisms that would create spoilage.