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Conventional DMARDs are known to be the first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. [9] Treatment can be a monotherapy or in combination with other anti-arthritic medications. Common DMARDs include oral methotrexate, leflunomide, or sulfasalazine. Conventional DMARDs have a slow onset of action and can take 2–3 months to exhibit effect. [9]
The use of injected gold compound is indicated for rheumatoid arthritis. [4] Its uses have diminished with the advent of newer compounds such as methotrexate and because of numerous side effects. [4] The efficacy of orally administered gold is more limited than injecting the gold compounds. [5]
Adalimumab, sold under the brand name Humira and others, is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug and monoclonal antibody used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, plaque psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and uveitis.
Agents may be used in combination, however, people may experience greater side effects. [8] [122] Methotrexate is the most important and useful DMARD and is usually the first treatment. [8] [5] [123] A combined approach with methotrexate and biologics improves ACR50, HAQ scores and RA remission rates.
Sodium aurothiomalate (INN, known in the United States as gold sodium thiomalate) is a gold compound that is used for its immunosuppressive anti-rheumatic effects. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Along with an orally-administered gold salt, auranofin , it is one of only two gold compounds currently employed in modern medicine.
Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody, sold under the brand name Remicade among others, is a medication used to treat a number of autoimmune diseases.This includes Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and Behçet's disease. [23]
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