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1-Chlorobutane is an alkyl halide with the chemical formula CH 3 (CH 2) 3 Cl. It is a colorless, flammable liquid. Preparation and reactions.
Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles. Heating alkyl halides with sodium hydroxide or water gives alcohols.
Butyl iodide (1-iodobutane) ... 1-Chlorobutane; 1-Fluorobutane; References This page was last edited on 7 August 2024, at 12:19 (UTC). Text is available under ...
This is because 2-chlorobutane possesses two different sets of β-hydrogens at the first and third carbons respectively, resulting in 1-butene or 2-butene. It is important to note that as a secondary alkyl halide, both E2 and Sn2 reactions are equally likely when reacting with a substance that can act as both a base and a nucleophile.
For these reasons, aryl, vinyl and primary alkyl iodides are the preferred substrates, and t-BuLi rather than n-BuLi is usually used, since the formed t-BuI is immediately destroyed by the t-BuLi in a dehydrohalogenation reaction (thus requiring two equivalents of t-BuLi). Alternatively, vinyl lithium reagents can be generated by direct ...
Pentanenitrile can be produced by heating 1-chlorobutane with sodium cyanide in dimethyl sulfoxide. This reaction takes about 20 minutes, keeping the temperature below 160 °C. The yield is about 93%. [2] Another way to get the substance is by heating valeraldehyde with hydroxylamine. [3] Pentanenitrile is contained in bone oil. [4]
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n-Propyl chloride (also 1-propyl chloride or 1-chloropropane) is a colorless, flammable chemical compound. It has the chemical formula C 3 H 7 Cl and is prepared by reacting n -propyl alcohol with phosphorus trichloride in the presence of a zinc chloride catalyst.