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In agriculture, grain quality depends on the use of the grain.In ethanol production, the chemical composition of grain such as starch content is important, in food and feed manufacturing, properties such as protein, oil and sugar are significant, in the milling industry, soundness is the most important factor to consider when it comes to the quality of grain.
Thus most production of maize, wheat, rice, sorghum, millet, etc. must be held in storage for periods varying from a few days up to more than a year. Storage therefore plays a vital role in grain supply chains. For all grains, storage losses can be considerable but the greatest losses appear to be of maize, particularly in Africa.
The USDA lists the threshold for broken grain to be anything that will fit through a 12/64 and 8/64 inch round-hole sieve for maize and soybeans respectively as listed above. This does not account for any cracks or defects in the leftover grain itself. In 1976, Chowdhury and Buchele developed a Numerical Damage Index for maize. [7]
The production of corn (Zea mays mays, also known as "maize") plays a major role in the economy of the United States. The US is the largest corn producer in the world, with 96,000,000 acres (39,000,000 ha) of land reserved for corn production. Corn growth is dominated by west/north central Iowa and east central Illinois. Approximately 13% of ...
These can be quite elaborate in the case of certain maize varieties, but tend to use a trapezoidal or leaf area index (LAI) curve for common crop or vegetation canopies. Stress coefficients, K s, account for diminished ET due to specific stress factors. These are often assumed to combine by multiplication.
There are numerous factors affecting post-harvest losses, from the soil in which the crop is grown to the handling of produce when it reaches the shop. Pre-harvest production practices may seriously affect post-harvest returns. Plants need a continuous supply of water for photosynthesis and transpiration.
45% of Tanzanian land is used for maize cultivation in which 4.5 million of households utilize their land for maize cultivation. [3] The contribution of smallholders is 85% of the total national cultivation with the rest of contribution being from community farms and large farms (private and public) [1] Cultivation of maize is conducted in two different rainfall seasons of the year, which are:
Food production per capita since 1961 Grain silos Rice plantation in Thailand Cambodians planting rice, 2004. Agricultural productivity is measured as the ratio of agricultural outputs to inputs. [1] While individual products are usually measured by weight, which is known as crop yield, varying products make measuring overall agricultural ...