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The worldly excesses of the secular Renaissance church, epitomized by the era of Alexander VI (1492–1503), exploded in the Reformation under Pope Leo X (1513–1521), whose campaign to raise funds in the German states to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica by supporting sale of indulgences was a key impetus for Martin Luther's 95 Theses.
Appointed two nephews as cardinals, one of whom became Pope Alexander VI. 210: 19 August 1458 – 15 August 1464 (5 years, 362 days) Pius II PIVS Secundus: Enea Silvio Bartolomeo Piccolomini: 18 October 1405 Corsignano, Republic of Siena, Holy Roman Empire 52 / 58 Citizen of the Republic of Siena. Displayed a great interest in urban planning.
Later, the 1481 Papal Bull Aeterni regis granted all lands south of the Canary Islands to Portugal, while in May 1493 the Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI decreed in the Bull Inter caetera that all lands west of a meridian only 100 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands should belong to Spain while new lands discovered east of that line would ...
Borgia was elected on 11 August 1492 and assumed the name of Alexander VI (due to confusion about the status of Pope Alexander V, elected by the Council of Pisa). Many inhabitants of Rome were happy with their new pope because he was a generous and competent administrator who had served for decades as vice-chancellor.
2 from Dalmatia in modern-day Croatia (Pope Caius and Pope John IV) 2 from Valencia in modern-day Spain (Pope Callixtus III and Pope Alexander VI) 2 from Portugal (Pope Damasus I and Pope John XXI) 2 from Anatolia in modern-day Turkey (Pope Conon and Pope John VI) 1 from England (Pope Adrian IV) 1 from the Netherlands (Pope Adrian VI) 1 from ...
Reformation Day is a Protestant Christian religious holiday celebrated on 31 October in remembrance of the onset of the Reformation. According to Philip Melanchthon , 31 October 1517 was the day Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-five Theses on the door of the All Saints' Church in Wittenberg , Electorate of Saxony , in the Holy Roman Empire .
Pope Leo X, the quintessential Renaissance pope. The Renaissance Papacy was a period of papal history between the Western Schism and the Reformation.From the election of Pope Martin V of the Council of Constance in 1417 to the Reformation in the 16th century, Western Christianity was largely free from schism as well as significant disputed papal claimants.
In the Age of Exploration, Pope Alexander VI claimed the right to distribute the newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal, and his decision was confirmed in the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494. [82] [83] The Spanish and Portuguese conquests and developing trade networks contributed to the global expansion of Catholicism. [note 15] [84]