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Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both glasses and ceramics. Glass-ceramics have an amorphous phase and one or more crystalline phases and are produced by a so-called "controlled crystallization" in contrast to a spontaneous crystallization, which is usually not wanted in glass manufacturing. Glass-ceramics have the fabrication ...
Later, ceramics were glazed and fired to create smooth, colored surfaces, decreasing porosity through the use of glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings on top of the crystalline ceramic substrates. [3] Ceramics now include domestic, industrial, and building products, as well as a wide range of materials developed for use in advanced ceramic ...
Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both glasses and ceramics. Glass-ceramics have an amorphous phase and one or more crystalline phases and are produced by a so-called "controlled crystallization", which is typically avoided in glass manufacturing.
Crystalline grains are often embedded within a non-crystalline intergranular phase of grain boundaries. Glass-ceramics exhibit advantageous thermal, chemical, biological, and dielectric properties as compared to metals or organic polymers. [87] The most commercially important property of glass-ceramics is their imperviousness to thermal shock.
Vectors and planes in a crystal lattice are described by the three-value Miller index notation. This syntax uses the indices h, k, and ℓ as directional parameters. [4] By definition, the syntax (hkℓ) denotes a plane that intercepts the three points a 1 /h, a 2 /k, and a 3 /ℓ, or some multiple thereof. That is, the Miller indices are ...
Crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order in a solid.In a crystal, the atoms or molecules are arranged in a regular, periodic manner.The degree of crystallinity has a large influence on hardness, density, transparency and diffusion.
Crystal chemistry is the study of the principles of chemistry behind crystals and their use in describing structure-property ... semiconductors, polymers, and ceramics;
Ceramic An inorganic, crystalline non-metallic solid formulated from metal or non-metal compounds whose irreversible formation occurred during heating to high temperatures. Chamotte A ceramic material formed by the high temperature firing of a refractory clay, after which it is crushed (and sometimes then milled) before being graded to size.