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A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, F x, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body. In more severe cases, the bone may be broken into several fragments, known as a comminuted fracture. [1]
A cervical fracture, commonly called a broken neck, is a fracture of any of the seven cervical vertebrae in the neck.Examples of common causes in humans are traffic collisions and diving into shallow water.
this disease may even occur in some people with normal, or even high blood thiamine levels, or people with deficiencies in intracellular transport of this vitamin. [11] Selected genetic mutations, including presence of the X-linked transketolase-like 1 gene, SLC19A2 thiamine transporter protein mutations, and the aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 gene ...
Joint problems are more likely in cases of involvement/possible displacement of the joint surface and, in children, involvement of the growth plate. [3] Degenerative arthritis of the distal (outer) big toe joint can occur as a complication of fractures, especially fractures to the proximal (inner) end and diaphysis (midsection) of the proximal ...
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Available evidence suggests that treatment depends on the part of the femur that is fractured. Traction may be useful for femoral shaft fractures because it counteracts the force of the muscle pulling the two separated parts together, and thus may decrease bleeding and pain. [ 11 ]
The patient grows increasingly angry at the failure and may become litigious. There is an escalation of narcotic pain medication which can be habituating or addictive. In the face of expensive conservative treatments which are likely to fail, the surgeon is persuaded to attempt further surgery, even though this is likely to fail as well.
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