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The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [8] [9] [10] is a retrovirus [11] that attacks the immune system.It is a preventable disease. [5] There is no vaccine or cure for HIV. It can be managed with treatment and become a manageable chronic health condition. [5]
The CDC recommends PEP for any HIV-negative person who has recently been exposed to HIV for any reason. [22] To be most effective, treatment should begin within an hour of exposure. [23] After 72 hours PEP is much less effective, and may not be effective at all. [22] Prophylactic treatment for HIV typically lasts four weeks. [22] [24]
Two types of HIV have been characterized: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is the virus that was initially discovered and termed both lymphadenopathy associated virus (LAV) and human T-lymphotropic virus 3 (HTLV-III). HIV-1 is more virulent and more infective than HIV-2, [20] and is the cause of the majority of HIV infections globally. The lower ...
A small percentage of HIV-1 infected individuals retain high levels of CD4+ T-cells without antiretroviral therapy. However, most have detectable viral loads and will eventually progress to AIDS without treatment. These individuals are classified as HIV controllers or long-term nonprogressors (LTNP). People who maintain CD4+ T cell counts and ...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects a person’s immune system. People with HIV can take medication to prevent it from progressing to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, HIV ...
HAART also prevents the transmission of HIV between serodiscordant same-sex and opposite-sex partners so long as the HIV-positive partner maintains an undetectable viral load. [3] Treatment has been so successful that in many parts of the world, HIV has become a chronic condition in which progression to AIDS is increasingly rare.
After a spiked replication of HIV, the viral load and CD4 T cell count drops back down. Symptoms of acute HIV infection include fever, chills, rash, night sweats, muscle aches, and swollen lymph nodes. Acute symptoms occur usually 2–4 weeks after initial HIV infection and can last between a few days and several weeks [3]
Here, doctors explain how long most vitamins last and any risks associated with taking expired vitamins. ... R.D., a registered Dietitian at Culina Health, Dawn Jackson Blatner, R.D.N., ...