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  2. Esophageal achalasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_achalasia

    1st stage – 2–3 cm dilated, 2nd stage – 4–5 cm dilated, bird beak looking, 3rd stage – 5–7 cm, dilated 4th / Late-stage – 8+ cm dilated, sigmoid: Causes: Unknown: Risk factors: Inconclusive, but possibly: history of autoimmune disorders, air-hunger that accompanies anxiety, faulty eating habits, improper diet: Diagnostic method

  3. Pyloric stenosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyloric_stenosis

    Caucasian male babies with blood type B or O are more likely than other types to be affected. [22] Infants exposed to erythromycin are at increased risk for developing hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, especially when the drug is taken around two weeks of life [24] and possibly in late pregnancy and through breastmilk in the first two weeks of ...

  4. Left atrial enlargement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_atrial_enlargement

    Left atrial enlargement can be mild, moderate or severe depending on the extent of the underlying condition. Although other factors may contribute, left atrium size has been found to be a predictor of mortality due to both cardiovascular issues as well as all-cause mortality.

  5. Small intestine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_intestine

    It is approximately 1.5 centimetres (5 ⁄ 8 inch) in diameter in newborns after 35 weeks of gestational age, [7] and 2.5–3 cm (1– 1 + 1 ⁄ 8 in) in diameter in adults. On abdominal X-rays , the small intestine is considered to be abnormally dilated when the diameter exceeds 3 cm. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] On CT scans , a diameter of over 2.5 cm is ...

  6. Ascending aorta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascending_aorta

    A thoracic aorta diameter greater than 3.5 cm is generally considered dilated, whereas a diameter greater than 4.5 cm is generally considered to be a thoracic aortic aneurysm. [4] Still, the average diameter in the population varies by for example age and sex.

  7. Childbirth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childbirth

    The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) guidelines recommend a full evaluation of the maternal-fetal status, the status of the cervix, and at least a 39 completed weeks (full term) of gestation for optimal health of the newborn when considering elective induction of labour. Per these guidelines, indications for induction ...

  8. Abdominal aortic aneurysm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_aortic_aneurysm

    Abdominal aortic aneurysms are commonly divided according to their size and symptomatology. An aneurysm is usually defined as an outer aortic diameter over 3 cm (normal diameter of the aorta is around 2 cm), [43] or more than 50% of normal diameter. [44] If the outer diameter exceeds 5.5 cm, the aneurysm is considered to be large. [42]

  9. Bishop score - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop_score

    Dilation is described using centimetres; closed, 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, etc until fully dilated at 10 cm. Fetal station −3 −2 −1, 0 +1, +2 Fetal station describes the position of the fetus's head in relation to the distance from the ischial spines, which are approximately 3-4 centimetres inside the vagina and are not usually felt. Health ...