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At the hospital, the 99m Tc that forms through 99 Mo decay is chemically extracted from the technetium-99m generator. Most commercial 99 Mo/ 99m Tc generators use column chromatography , in which 99 Mo in the form of water-soluble molybdate, MoO 4 2− is adsorbed onto acid alumina (Al 2 O 3 ).
Technetium-99 (99 Tc) is an isotope of technetium which decays with a half-life of 211,000 years to stable ruthenium-99, emitting beta particles, but no gamma rays. It is the most significant long-lived fission product of uranium fission, producing the largest fraction of the total long-lived radiation emissions of nuclear waste .
Technetium (99m Tc) sestamibi is a lipophilic cation which, when injected intravenously into a patient, distributes in the myocardium proportionally to the myocardial blood flow. Single photon emission computed tomography imaging of the heart is performed using a gamma camera to detect the gamma rays emitted by the technetium-99m as it decays.
A nuclear pharmacist adds anywhere from 50 - 100 mCi of Na[99m TcO 4] to the reaction vial to make the final product, in the pH range of 3.8 to 8.0. After being allowed to react at room temperature for 15 minutes to ensure maximum labeling of the human albumin with 99m Tc, the kit can then be diluted with sterile normal saline as needed.
97m Tc is the most stable, with a half-life of 91.0 days (0.097 MeV). [4] This is followed by 95m Tc (half-life: 61 days, 0.038 MeV) and 99m Tc (half-life: 6.04 hours, 0.143 MeV). 99m Tc only emits gamma rays, subsequently decaying to 99 Tc. [7] For isotopes lighter than 98 Tc, the primary decay mode is electron capture to isotopes of molybdenum.
99m Tc is a very versatile radioisotope, and is the most commonly used radioisotope tracer in medicine. It is easy to produce in a technetium-99m generator, by decay of 99 Mo. 99 Mo → 99m Tc + e − + ν e. The molybdenum isotope has a half-life of approximately 66 hours (2.75 days), so the generator has a useful life of about two weeks.
Technetium (99m Tc) exametazime is a radiopharmaceutical sold under the trade name Ceretec, and is used by nuclear medicine physicians for the detection of altered regional cerebral perfusion in stroke [1] and other cerebrovascular diseases.
Technetium (99m Tc) mebrofenin is a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical used for imaging of the liver and the gallbladder. Under the brand name Choletec it is available from Bracco Diagnostic . Supplied as a sterile kit of mebrofenin and dehydrated stannous fluoride .