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Each of these types of multicast addresses have their own format and follow specific rules. Similar to a unicast address, the prefix of an IPv6 multicast address specifies its scope, however, the set of possible scopes for a multicast address is different. The 4-bit scope field (bits 12 to 15) is used to indicate where the address is valid and ...
In an effort to avoid unnecessary load on hosts that do not participate in routing, RIPv2 multicasts the entire routing table to all adjacent routers at the address 224.0.0.9, as opposed to RIPv1 which uses broadcast. Unicast addressing is still allowed for special applications. authentication for RIP was introduced in 1997. [10] [11]
A multicast routing protocol is a mechanism for constructing a loop-free shortest path from a source host that sends data to the multiple destinations that receives the data. IPv4 uses Class D address (224.0.0.0 ~ 239.255.255.255) [ 2 ] IPv6 multicast provides the previous feature of IPv4 and a new IPv6 feature, allowing a host to send a single ...