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Demurrage in a currency system reduces discount rates, and thus increases the present value of a long-term investment, and thus gives an incentive for such investments. [ 1 ] Unlike inflation , demurrage gradually reduces only the value of currency held: it functions as a negative interest (a tax) on currency held versus inflation that also ...
Demurrage" / d ɪ ˈ m ʌ r ɪ dʒ / [1] in vessel chartering is the period when the charterer remained in possession of the vessel after the period normally allowed to load and unload cargo . [2] By extension, demurrage refers to the charges that the charterer pays to the ship owner for its delayed operations of loading/unloading. [ 3 ]
Ontario, California – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000 [52] Pop 2010 [53] Pop 2020 [54] % 2000 % 2010 ...
In 1947, the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) devised the first nationwide telephone numbering plan and assigned the original North American area codes. The state of California was divided into three numbering plan areas (NPAs) with distinct area codes: 213, 415, and 916, for the southern, central, and northern parts of the state ...
Figure 1. Probabilistic parameters of a hidden Markov model (example) X — states y — possible observations a — state transition probabilities b — output probabilities. In its discrete form, a hidden Markov process can be visualized as a generalization of the urn problem with replacement (where each item from the urn is returned to the original urn before the next step). [7]
The attorneys have said they plan to file a complaint with the Office of Inspector General as well as immigration petitions to see if Salazar-Hinojosa and her children can return to the U.S. under ...
British mobile phone company O2 has unveiled an “AI granny” called Daisy who is helping combat fraud by wasting scammers’ time with long phone calls.
Ontario Ranch is a master-planned community located in the southern portion of the city of Ontario, California. It is the largest master-planned community in Southern California. [ 1 ] The community is located south of E. Riverside Drive, north of Eastvale , and between Euclid and Milliken Avenues, 2 miles west of Interstate 15 (the Ontario ...