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The Hongwu Emperor (21 October 1328 [c] – 24 June 1398), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Ming, personal name Zhu Yuanzhang, courtesy name Guorui, [m] was the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1368 to 1398.
Hongwu (Chinese: 洪武; pinyin: Hóngwǔ; Wade–Giles: Hung-wu; lit. 'vastly martial'; 23 January 1368 – 5 February 1399) was the era name (nianhao) of the Hongwu Emperor (reigned 1368–1398), the Chinese emperor who founded the Ming dynasty that ruled China from 1368 to 1644.
The Ming dynasty was founded by Zhu Yuanzhang (the Hongwu Emperor), who was one of the leaders of the Red Turban peasant rebellion.Despite humble beginnings, he successfully built his own state, defeated other rebel leaders, and forced the last Yuan emperor to flee China proper.
The Hongwu Emperor specified his grandson Zhu Yunwen as his successor, and he assumed the throne as the Jianwen Emperor (r. 1398–1402) after Hongwu's death in 1398. The most powerful of Hongwu's sons, Zhu Di, then the militarily mighty disagreed with this, and soon a political showdown erupted between him and his nephew Jianwen. [46]
The Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398). The reforms of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder and first emperor of the Ming dynasty of China, in the 1360s–1390s were a comprehensive set of economic, social, and political changes aimed at rebuilding the Chinese state after years of conflict and disasters caused by the decline of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty and the Chinese resistance against Mongol rule.
Hu Dahai was a general of the Hongwu Emperor. Chang Yuchun is said to be the father of the famous "Kaiping spear method". [32] [33] Some Hui people claim that according to their oral legends that several of the commanders of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming dynasty, were Muslim like Lan Yu, Mu Ying, Feng Sheng, Ding Dexing and Hu Dahai ...
The dynasty were established by Zhu Yuanzhang (known as the Hongwu Emperor during his reign) in January 1368 in the capital city of Nanjing.Prior to this, Zhu was the leader of the Red Turbans and had been appointed as the Duke of Wu (吳國公) by the emperor of the rebel Song dynasty, Han Lin'er, in 1361. [4]
The Hongwu Emperor eventually changed his mind and Empress Ma began to play a more active role in politics as his adviser and secretary, even keeping control of state documents. [4] On several occasions, she reproached and prevented the emperor from committing acts of injustice, such as when she prevented him from executing the scholar Song Lian .