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There is also a Perl core module named CPAN; it is usually differentiated from the repository itself by using the name CPAN.pm. CPAN.pm is mainly an interactive shell which can be used to search for, download, and install distributions. An interactive shell called cpan is also provided in the Perl core, and is the usual way of running CPAN.pm ...
Perl Package Manager (PPM) is a Perl utility intended to simplify the tasks of locating, installing, upgrading and removing software packages. It can determine if the most recent version of a software package is installed on a system, and can install or upgrade that package from a local or remote host.
Various non-standard but widely used Perl modules. These mostly relate to ease of installation of further extensions from the CPAN, but also include various tools that enhance the ability to install packages from other sources such as the Perl Archive Toolkit, the Perl package manager and the Perl Installation Program.
Repositories may be solely for particular programs, such as CPAN for the Perl programming language, or for an entire operating system. Operators of such repositories typically provide a package management system , tools intended to search for, install and otherwise manipulate software packages from the repositories.
Apart from creating, manipulating, loading, and installing binary PAR archives, the PAR module can be used to create standalone executables from complex applications using its PAR::Packer extension. Like many other Perl modules, PAR is primarily distributed via the CPAN where numerous extensions have been published. These include:
A module defines its source code to be in a package (much like a Java package), the Perl mechanism for defining namespaces, e.g. CGI or Net::FTP or XML::Parser; the file structure mirrors the namespace structure (e.g. the source code for Net::FTP is in Net/FTP.pm).
Pugscc can compile Perl 6 programs into Haskell code, Perl 5, JavaScript, or Parrot virtual machine's Parrot intermediate representation (PIR) assembly language. Pugs is free and open-source software, distributable under the terms of either the GNU General Public License or the Artistic License. [2] These are the same terms as Perl.
DBD (DataBase Driver) modules serve as plug-ins to DBI, allowing programmers to use near-database-independent SQL code in their applications. Programmers can also use the DBI and DBD modules indirectly using one of the object-relational mappers available for Perl, such as DBIx::Class, for more database-independent code with no need to write SQL.