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The following is a list of genetic disorders and if known, type of mutation and for the chromosome involved. Although the parlance "disease-causing gene" is common, it is the occurrence of an abnormality in the parents that causes the impairment to develop within the child. There are over 6,000 known genetic disorders in humans.
Chromosome 5 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 5 spans about 182 million base pairs (the building blocks of DNA) and represents almost 6% of the total DNA in cells. Chromosome 5 is the 5th largest human chromosome, yet has one of the lowest gene densities.
Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome is an acquired, hematological disorder characterized by loss of part of the long arm (q arm, band 5q33.1) of human chromosome 5 in bone marrow myelocyte cells. This chromosome abnormality is most commonly associated with the myelodysplastic syndrome .
One of them consists in micro-deletions of the chromosome region 15q11–q13. 70% of patients present a 5–7-Mb de novo deletion in the proximal region of the paternal chromosome 15. The second frequent genetic abnormality (~ 25–30% of cases) is maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15.
Cri du chat syndrome is a rare genetic disorder due to a partial chromosome deletion on chromosome 5. [1] Its name is a French term ("cat-cry" or "call of the cat") referring to the characteristic cat-like cry of affected children (sound sample ). [2] It was first described by Jérôme Lejeune in 1963. [3]
Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome; Chronic fatigue syndrome; Chronic functional abdominal pain; Chronic infantile neurologic cutaneous and articular syndrome; Chronic Lyme disease; Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome; Churg–Strauss syndrome; Chédiak–Higashi syndrome; Claude's syndrome; Clinically isolated syndrome; CLOVES ...
There are well over 6,000 known genetic disorders, [4] and new genetic disorders are constantly being described in medical literature. [5] More than 600 genetic disorders are treatable. [6] Around 1 in 50 people are affected by a known single-gene disorder, while around 1 in 263 are affected by a chromosomal disorder. [7]
When the chromosome's structure is altered, this can take several forms: [16] Deletions: A portion of the chromosome is missing or has been deleted. Known disorders in humans include Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome, which is caused by partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4; and Jacobsen syndrome, also called the terminal 11q deletion ...