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The rose hip or rosehip, also called rose haw and rose hep, is the accessory fruit of the various species of rose plant. It is typically red to orange, but ranges from dark purple to black in some species. Rose hips begin to form after pollination of flowers in spring or early summer, and ripen in late summer through autumn.
They can be follicles, capsules, nuts, achenes, drupes , and accessory fruits, like the pome of an apple, the hip of a rose, or the receptacle-derived aggregate accessory fruit of a strawberry. Many fruits of the family are edible, but their seeds often contain amygdalin, which can release cyanide during digestion if the seed is damaged. [18]
Fruit produced by members of this family include apples, pears, plums, peaches, cherries, almonds, strawberries, blackberries and raspberries. Many ornamental species of plant are also in the family Rosaceae, including the rose after which the family and order were named.
Shaking a fruit to feel whether the seeds rattle, gives some indication whether it is ripe. The skin is thin and waxy. The flowers are described by some as fragrant, though this appears to be a variable attribute. The ripe fruit, however, has a strong, pleasant floral bouquet, hence such common names as "Rose apple" [6] and "pomarrosa".
The fruit / rosehips can be eaten raw or cooked, [36] and has a sweet sour taste. [2] The fruit is very rich in vitamins, [2] including Vitamin E. [37] [38] [33] and rich in vitamin C, [30] [38] [39] The content of Vitamin C is much higher than other kinds of fruits such as grape, apple, pear and dahurian rose fruit. [40]
Syzygium malaccense has a number of English common names. It is known as a Malay rose apple, or simply Malay apple, mountain apple, rose apple, Otaheite apple, pink satin-ash, plumrose and pommerac (derived from pomme Malac, meaning "Malayan apple" in French). [2]
Rubus is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, commonly known as brambles. [3] [4] [5] Fruits of various species are known as raspberries, blackberries, dewberries, and bristleberries.
Fragaria (/ f r ə ˈ ɡ ɛər i. ə /) [1] is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, commonly known as strawberries for their edible fruits.There are more than 20 described species and many hybrids and cultivars.