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Naturally occurring strontium is nonradioactive and nontoxic at levels normally found in the environment, but 90 Sr is a radiation hazard. [4] 90 Sr undergoes β − decay with a half-life of 28.79 years and a decay energy of 0.546 MeV distributed to an electron, an antineutrino, and the yttrium isotope 90 Y, which in turn undergoes β − decay with a half-life of 64 hours and a decay energy ...
The longest-lived of these isotopes, and the most relevantly studied, are 90 Sr with a half-life of 28.9 years, 85 Sr with a half-life of 64.853 days, and 89 Sr (89 Sr) with a half-life of 50.57 days. All other strontium isotopes have half-lives shorter than 50 days, most under 100 minutes.
90 Sr produces approximately 0.93 watts of heat per gram (it is lower for the form of 90 Sr used in RTGs, which is strontium fluoride). [77] However, 90 Sr has one third the lifetime and a lower density than 238 Pu, another RTG fuel. The main advantage of 90 Sr is that it is significantly cheaper than 238 Pu and is found in nuclear waste.
Strontium-90 is a strong beta emitter with a half-life of 28.8 years. Its fission product yield decreases as the mass of the fissile nuclide increases - fission of 233 U produces more 90 Sr than fission of 239 Pu with fission of 235 U in the middle. A map of 90 Sr contamination around Chernobyl has been published by the IAEA. [1]
Project GABRIEL was an investigation to gauge the impact of nuclear fallout resulting from nuclear warfare.The United States Atomic Energy Commission surmised that the radioactive isotope strontium-90 (Sr-90) presented the greatest hazard to life globally, [1] which resulted in the commissioning of Project SUNSHINE: which sought to examine the levels of Sr-90 in human tissues and bones (with a ...
In a 1957 article, Dr. Whitlock, director of Health Education in the National Dairy Council, Chicago, Illinois, discussed the impact of strontium-90 in the cow milk consumed by humans, concluding that the effects of Sr-90 would not be detectably harmful to the general populace of the US. "From the foregoing information, it would seem we have a ...
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Strontium-90 has a shorter half-life, produces less power, and requires more shielding than plutonium-238, but is cheaper as it is a fission product and is present in a high concentration in nuclear waste and can be relatively easily chemically extracted. Strontium-90 based RTGs have been used to power remote lighthouses. [1]
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