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Bistability is widely used in digital electronics devices to store binary data. It is the essential characteristic of the flip-flop, a circuit which is a fundamental building block of computers and some types of semiconductor memory. A bistable device can store one bit of binary
The left figure below shows a binary decision tree (the reduction rules are not applied), and a truth table, each representing the function (,,).In the tree on the left, the value of the function can be determined for a given variable assignment by following a path down the graph to a terminal.
Data may be stored in either binary or ASCII text format and floating point values may be either single or double precision. There are also multiblock and unstructured extensions to the format, so it is often unclear how a particular set of nominally PLOT3D-format files is formatted on the binary level without referring to the software that ...
fast real-time large-dataset plotting and viewing tool with basic data analysis functionality AIDA: LGPL: Yes 2001: October 2003 / 3.2.1: Open interfaces and formats for particle physics data processing Algebrator: GUI: Proprietary: No 1999: 2009 / 4.2: Linux, Mac OS X, Sugar, Windows: 2D graphs Archim: drawing 2D and 3D graphs: freeware: No ...
In graph theory, the zig-zag product of regular graphs,, denoted by , is a binary operation which takes a large graph and a small graph and produces a graph that approximately inherits the size of the large one but the degree of the small one.
Hence, "binary data" in computers are actually sequences of bytes. On a higher level, data is accessed in groups of 1 word (4 bytes) for 32-bit systems and 2 words for 64-bit systems. In applied computer science and in the information technology field, the term binary data is often specifically opposed to text-based data, referring to any sort ...
The foundational theory of graph cuts was first applied in computer vision in the seminal paper by Greig, Porteous and Seheult [3] of Durham University.Allan Seheult and Bruce Porteous were members of Durham's lauded statistics group of the time, led by Julian Besag and Peter Green, with the optimisation expert Margaret Greig notable as the first ever female member of staff of the Durham ...
For example, given 100 binary variables, …,, computing a single marginal using and the above formula would involve summing over possible values for ′. If it is known that the probability mass function p {\displaystyle p} factors in a convenient way, belief propagation allows the marginals to be computed much more efficiently.