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As its history indicates, the popular use of the word racism is relatively recent. The word came into widespread usage in the Western world in the 1930s, when it was used to describe the social and political ideology of Nazism, which treated "race" as a naturally given political unit. [21]
Prejudice plus power attempts to separate forms of racial prejudice from the word racism, which is to be reserved for institutional racism. [19] Critics point out that an individual can not be institutionally racist, because institutional racism (sometimes referred to as systemic racism) only refers to institutions and systems, hence the name. [20]
Covert racism is a form of racial discrimination that is disguised and subtle, rather than public or obvious. Concealed in the fabric of society, covert racism discriminates against individuals through often evasive or seemingly passive methods. [1]
Egocentric bias is the tendency to rely too heavily on one's own perspective and/or have a different perception of oneself relative to others. [34] The following are forms of egocentric bias: Bias blind spot, the tendency to see oneself as less biased than other people, or to be able to identify more cognitive biases in others than in oneself. [35]
The preference for lighter skin has its roots in colonial histories. STEFAN HEUNIS/AFP via Getty ImagesRonald Hall is a professor in the School of Social Work at Michigan State University. He has ...
The anti-bias curriculum is a curriculum which attempts to challenge prejudices such as racism, sexism, ableism, ageism, weightism, homophobia, classism, colorism, heightism, handism, religious discrimination and other forms of kyriarchy. The approach is favoured by civil rights organisations such as the Anti-Defamation League. [1]
When Saily Bah, a 12-year-old Black girl from Iowa, experienced racist incidents as a fifth grader in school last February, she came home feeling hurt, her mother recalled. "Within a span of a ...
An important characteristic of the so-called 'new racism', 'cultural racism' or 'differential racism' is the fact that it essentialises ethnicity and religion, and traps people in supposedly immutable reference categories, as if they are incapable of adapting to a new reality or changing their identity.