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Statistical language acquisition, a branch of developmental psycholinguistics, studies the process by which humans develop the ability to perceive, produce, comprehend, and communicate with natural language in all of its aspects (phonological, syntactic, lexical, morphological, semantic) through the use of general learning mechanisms operating on statistical patterns in the linguistic input.
Statistical learning is the ability for humans and other animals to extract statistical regularities from the world around them to learn about the environment. Although statistical learning is now thought to be a generalized learning mechanism, the phenomenon was first identified in human infant language acquisition.
A stochastic grammar (statistical grammar) is a grammar framework with a probabilistic notion of grammaticality: Stochastic context-free grammar; Statistical parsing; Data-oriented parsing; Hidden Markov model (or stochastic regular grammar [1]) Estimation theory; The grammar is realized as a language model.
The Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES) is a corpus established in 1984 [1] by Brian MacWhinney and Catherine Snow to serve as a central repository for data of first language acquisition. [ 2 ] [ 1 ] Its earliest transcripts date from the 1960s, and as of 2015 has contents (transcripts, audio, and video) in 26 languages from 230 ...
The Piotrowski law is a case of the so-called logistic model (cf. logistic equation). It was shown that it covers also language acquisition processes (cf. language acquisition law). Text block law: Linguistic units (e.g. words, letters, syntactic functions and constructions) show a specific frequency distribution in equally large text blocks.
Furthermore, research suggests that humans can develop extremely high levels of language and literacy proficiency without any language output or production at all. [6] Studies show that acquirers usually acquire small but significant amounts of new vocabulary through single exposure to a new word found in a comprehensible text. [ 7 ] "
The comprehension approach is based on theories of linguistics, specifically Krashen's theories of second language acquisition, [5] and is also inspired by research on second language acquisition in children, particularly the silent period phenomenon in which many young learners initially tend towards minimal speaking. [6]
Elissa Lee Newport is a professor of neurology and director of the Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery at Georgetown University.She specializes in language acquisition and developmental psycholinguistics, focusing on the relationship between language development and language structure, and most recently on the effects of pediatric stroke on the organization and recovery of language.