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Leviathan or The Matter, Forme and Power of a Commonwealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil, commonly referred to as Leviathan, is a book written by Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679) and published in 1651 (revised Latin edition 1668).
Bellum omnium contra omnes, a Latin phrase meaning "the war of all against all", is the description that Thomas Hobbes gives to human existence in the state-of-nature thought experiment that he conducts in De Cive (1642) and Leviathan (1651).
Thomas Hobbes (/ h ɒ b z / HOBZ; 5 April 1588 – 4 December 1679) was an English philosopher, best known for his 1651 book Leviathan, in which he expounds an influential formulation of social contract theory. [4]
In this state, every person has a natural right to do anything one thinks necessary for preserving one's own life, and life is "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short" (Leviathan, Chapters XIII–XIV). Hobbes described this natural condition with the Latin phrase (bellum omnium contra omnes) meaning "war of all against all", in De Cive.
The frontispiece of Hobbes's Leviathan shows a body formed of multitudinous citizens, surmounted by a king's head. [1]The body politic is a polity—such as a city, realm, or state—considered metaphorically as a physical body.
Frontispiece from the first edition of Leviathan (1651) which serves as a visual representation of Hobbes's idea of the state. The city pictured in the foreground of the image represents civilisation, while the salient figure (Leviathan), with a sword and crosier in hand, personifies sovereignty and the omnipotent state, possessing the ...
Thomas Hobbes described the state of nature as "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short" (Leviathan, Chapters XIII–XIV). [134] Locke takes a more benign view of the state of nature and is unwilling to take as hard a stance on the degeneracy of the state of nature.
Original – Frontispiece of Leviathan by Abraham Bosse, with input from Hobbes Reason High resolution, clear photographic reproduction of the iconic original cover for Hobbes' Leviathan. It is encylopedic inhow it well llustrates how Hobbes describes the state; an irresistible giant force aided by its bureaucrats that enforces order over society