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The definition of the Gibbs function is = + where H is the enthalpy defined by: = +. Taking differentials of each definition to find dH and dG, then using the fundamental thermodynamic relation (always true for reversible or irreversible processes): = where S is the entropy, V is volume, (minus sign due to reversibility, in which dU = 0: work other than pressure-volume may be done and is equal ...
In the above, we note that the stoichiometric number of a reactant is negative. Now when we know the extent, we can rearrange the equation and calculate the equilibrium amounts of B and C. n e q u i , i = ξ e q u i ν i + n i n i t i a l , i {\displaystyle n_{equi,i}=\xi _{equi}\nu _{i}+n_{initial,i}}
Physical chemistry is the study of macroscopic and microscopic phenomena in chemical systems in terms of the principles, practices, and concepts of physics such as motion, energy, force, time, thermodynamics, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics, analytical dynamics and chemical equilibria.
Theoretical chemistry requires quantities from core physics, such as time, volume, temperature, and pressure.But the highly quantitative nature of physical chemistry, in a more specialized way than core physics, uses molar amounts of substance rather than simply counting numbers; this leads to the specialized definitions in this article.
M. Macromolecular crowding; Madelung constant; Magnetic isotope effect; Marcus theory; Margules activity model; Mass–action ratio; Matrix isolation; Maximum density
The Physical Chemistry WikiProject is about combining and coordinating the many efforts to improve all articles pertaining to physical chemistry and related subjects, by providing standards and guide where practical. This includes all chemical topics related to thermodynamics, equilibrium, quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, reaction ...
The van der Waals equation of state may be written as (+) =where is the absolute temperature, is the pressure, is the molar volume and is the universal gas constant.Note that = /, where is the volume, and = /, where is the number of moles, is the number of particles, and is the Avogadro constant.
Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, also known as the Green Book, is a compilation of terms and symbols widely used in the field of physical chemistry. It also includes a table of physical constants , tables listing the properties of elementary particles , chemical elements , and nuclides , and information about conversion ...