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Shivaji I (Shivaji Shahaji Bhonsale, Marathi pronunciation: [ʃiˈʋaːdʑiː ˈbʱos(ə)le]; c. 19 February 1630 – 3 April 1680) [6] was an Indian ruler and a member of the Bhonsle dynasty. [7] Shivaji carved out his own independent kingdom from the Sultanate of Bijapur that formed the genesis of the Maratha Confederacy .
By the time of Shivaji's birth, Jijabai's family had deserted Ahmednagar, transferring its allegiance to the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, thus becoming an opponent of Shahaji. A few years later, Shahaji also deserted Ahmednagar; [ 23 ] he briefly served the Mughal Empire, but later rebelled against them, supported by the Bijapur Sultanate .
Shivaji became a vassal of the Mughal Empire following his defeat and surrender at the Battle of Purandar. In this capacity, he sought to capture the Janjira fort for the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. [9] However, the Mughal general Jai Singh intervened and prevented Shivaji from capturing Janjira. [10]
Sambhaji, who succeeded Shivaji, was captured and subsequently executed by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in 1689. However, by the beginning of the 18th century, the Marathas had managed to regain their power. [119] 1785 After Aurangzeb, Marathas conquered a significant portion of India, stretching from the Chenab River to the borders of Bengal. [120]
The Mughal dynasty (Persian: دودمان مغل, romanized: Dudmân-e Mughal) or the House of Babur (Persian: خاندانِ آلِ بابُر, romanized: Khāndān-e-Āl-e-Bābur), was a branch of the Timurid dynasty founded by Babur that ruled the Mughal Empire from its inception in 1526 till the early eighteenth century, and then as ceremonial suzerains over much of the empire until 1857.
The Deccan wars also known as Maratha war of independence, [3] [4] were a series of military conflicts between the Mughal Empire and the descendants of the Maratha ruler Shivaji from the time of Shivaji's death in 1680 until the death of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707. [5]
With the Golconda king's destruction, they anticipated Shivaji could be overtaken and defeated. Emperor Aurangzeb, persuaded by the arguments of Diler Khan and Abdul Karim and disillusioned with Bahadur Khan's perceived treachery and incompetence, recalled Bahadur Khan to Delhi. In his place, Aurangzeb appointed Diler Khan as the new Moghul ...
After Shivaji died, Mughal emperor Aurangzeb launched an attack on the Marathas and Deccan sultanates of Adilshahi and Qutbshahi in 1681. Although he soon vanquished the sultanates, the conflict with the Marathas lasted 27 years. This period also saw the capture and death of Shivaji's first son, Sambhaji, at the hands of the Mughals in 1689.