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Modern culinary arts students study many different aspects of food. [17] Specific areas of study include butchery , chemistry and thermodynamics , visual presentation , food safety , human nutrition , and physiology , international history, menu planning, the manufacture of food items (such as the milling of wheat into flour or the refining of ...
Food history is an interdisciplinary field that examines the history and the cultural, economic, environmental, and sociological impacts of food and human nutrition. It is considered distinct from the more traditional field of culinary history , which focuses on the origin and recreation of specific recipes.
Cooking, also known as cookery or professionally as the culinary arts, is the art, science and craft of using heat to make food more palatable, digestible, nutritious, or safe. Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely, from grilling food over an open fire , to using electric stoves , to baking in various types of ovens , reflecting local ...
Fine food, the principal study of gastronomy. Gastronomy is the study of the relationship between food and culture, the art of preparing and serving rich or delicate and appetizing food, the cooking styles of particular regions, and the science of good eating. [1]
Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-37626-9. California Culinary Academy (2001). In the World Kitchen: Global Cuisine from California Culinary Academy. Bay Books (CA). ISBN 1-57959-506-5. Laudan, Rachel (2013). Cuisine and Empire: Cooking in World History University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26645-2.
A hearth with cooking utensils. 2.5-1.8 million years ago: The discovery of the use of fire may have created a sense of sharing as a group. Earliest estimate for invention of cooking, by phylogenetic analysis. [3] 250,000 years ago: Hearths appear, accepted archeological estimate for invention of cooking chicken. [4]
Food presentation is the art of modifying, processing, arranging, or decorating food to enhance its aesthetic appeal. The visual presentation of foods is often considered by chefs at many different stages of food preparation , from the manner of tying or sewing meats, to the type of cut used in chopping and slicing meats or vegetables, to the ...
In a 2012 New York Times piece commemorating Julia Child's 100th birthday, Julia Moskin wrote that Mastering the Art of French Cooking should be credited with "turning the tide" on American food culture 1961, when "trends including feminism, food technology and fast food seemed ready to wipe out home cooking." Moskin added that, "in its ...