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Recently, central serous chorioretinopathy has been understood to be part of the pachychoroid spectrum. [5] [6] In pachychoroid spectrum disorders, of which CSR represents stage II, the choroid, the highly vascularized layer below the retina, is thickened and congested with increased blood vessel diameter, especially in the deep choroid (the so-called Haller's layer).
They can be found circulating in the blood, which differentiates serum sickness from serum sickness-like reaction. [4] The result is a leukocytoclastic vasculitis. [2] This results in hypocomplementemia, a low C3 level in serum. [2] They can also cause more reactions, causing the typical symptoms of serum sickness.
Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry"), the ...
Five types of hyper IgM syndrome have been characterized: Hyper-IgM syndrome type 1 (X-linked), characterized by mutations of the CD40LG gene. In this type, lack of CD40L on the surfaces of T cells results in defective signaling to B cells, which do not receive the needed signal to undergo isotype switching.
A new approach to a routine blood test could predict a person’s 30-year risk of heart disease, research published Saturday in the New England Journal of Medicine found.. Doctors have long ...
Vital signs (also known as vitals) are a group of the four to six most crucial medical signs that indicate the status of the body's vital (life-sustaining) functions. These measurements are taken to help assess the general physical health of a person, give clues to possible diseases, and show progress toward recovery.
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a syndrome due to decreased blood flow in the coronary arteries such that part of the heart muscle is unable to function properly or dies. [1] The most common symptom is centrally located pressure-like chest pain , often radiating to the left shoulder [ 2 ] or angle of the jaw, and associated with nausea and ...
Options for using your home equity to pay for unexpected medical bills. You can use your home's equity in three different ways. Each has distinct features that may make one option better than ...