Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
A lysosome (/ ˈ l aɪ s ə ˌ s oʊ m /) is a single membrane-bound organelle found in many animal cells. [1] [2] They are spherical vesicles that contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest many kinds of biomolecules. A lysosome has a specific composition, of both its membrane proteins and its lumenal proteins.
The main functions of a lysosome are to process molecules taken in by the cell and to recycle worn out cell parts. The enzymes inside of lysosomes are acid hydrolases which require an acidic environment for optimal performance. Lysosomes provide such an environment by maintaining a pH of 5.0 inside of the organelle. [37]
It is a glycoside hydrolase that catalyzes the following process: Hydrolysis of (1→4)-β-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins. Peptidoglycan is the major component of gram-positive bacterial cell wall. [1]
Golgi apparatus: The primary function of the Golgi apparatus is to process and package the macromolecules such as proteins and lipids that are synthesized by the cell. Lysosomes and peroxisomes: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes (acid hydrolases). They digest excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.
A lysogen or lysogenic bacteria is a bacterial cell that can produce and transfer the ability to produce a phage. [1] A prophage is either integrated into the host bacteria 's chromosome or more rarely exists as a stable plasmid within the host cell.
The degraded molecules need to be delivered to the cytoplasm; however, this will not be possible if the molecules are not hydrolyzed in the lysosome. [3] Autophagic intracellular digestion is processed in the cell, which means it digests the internal molecules. [3] Functions of autophagy
Autophagy is the process of degradation through lysosomes which occurs when a vesicle buds off from the ER and engulfs the material, then, attaches and fuses with the lysosome to allow the material to be degraded. [22] Ribosomes: Functions to translate RNA to protein. it serves as a site of protein synthesis. [23]
The process of phagocytosis showing phagolysosome formation. Lysosome(shown in green) fuses with phagosome to form a phagolysosome. Membrane fusion of the phagosome and lysosome is regulated by the Rab5 protein, [1] a G protein that allows the exchange of material between these two organelles but prevents complete fusion of their membranes. [1]