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Anisogamy is a form of sexual reproduction that involves the union or fusion of two gametes that differ in size and/or form. The smaller gamete is male, a sperm cell, whereas the larger gamete is female, typically an egg cell. Anisogamy is predominant among multicellular organisms. [1]
Anisogamy is a form of sexual reproduction which involves the fusion of two unequally-sized gametes. In many animals, there are two sexes: the male, in which the gamete is small, motile, usually plentiful, and less energetically expensive, and the female, in which the gamete is larger, more energetically expensive, made at a lower rate, and ...
Oogamy is a common form of anisogamy, with almost all animals and land plants being oogamous. Oogamy is found in most sexually reproducing species, including all vertebrates, land plants, and some algae. The ancestral state of sexual reproduction is believed to be isogamy, with oogamy evolving through anisogamy.
Patterns of sexual reproduction include: Isogamous species with two or more mating types with gametes of identical form and behavior (but different at the molecular level), Anisogamous species with gametes of male and female types, Oogamous species, which include humans, in which the female gamete is much larger than the male and has no ability ...
It is generally accepted that isogamy is the ancestral state from which anisogamy and oogamy evolved, although its evolution has left no fossil records. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] There are almost invariably only two gamete types, all analyses showing that intermediate gamete sizes are eliminated due to selection.
Under the strict definition of isogamy, fertilization occurs when two gametes fuse to form a zygote. [8] Sexual reproduction between two cells that does not involve gametes (e.g. conjugation between two mycelia in basidiomycete fungi), is often called isogamy, although it is not technically isogametic reproduction in the strict sense. [1]
Diagram of a human sperm cell. Sperm (pl.: sperm or sperms) is the male reproductive cell, or gamete, in anisogamous forms of sexual reproduction (forms in which there is a larger, female reproductive cell and a smaller, male one).
Members of this phylum also exhibit a form of sexual reproduction known as anisogamy. [4] Anisogamy is the fusion of two sexual gametes that differ in morphology, usually size. [5] In Allomyces, the thallus (body) is attached by rhizoids, and has an erect trunk on which reproductive organs are formed at the end of branches.