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[40] [97] Although normal exposure to cold does not increase one's risk of infection, severe exposure leading to significant reduction of body temperature (hypothermia) may put one at a greater risk for the common cold: although controversial, the majority of evidence suggests that it may increase susceptibility to infection. [99]
Symptoms depend on the temperature. In mild hypothermia, there is shivering and mental confusion. In moderate hypothermia, shivering stops and confusion increases. [3] In severe hypothermia, there may be hallucinations and paradoxical undressing, in which a person removes their clothing, as well as an increased risk of the heart stopping. [2]
The risk of hypothermia goes up once the temperature inside a home drops below 50 degrees for a prolonged period of time, experts say, so it’s important to keep your home as warm as possible.
An upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis , pharyngitis , laryngitis , sinusitis , otitis media , and the common cold .
Targeted temperature management (TTM), previously known as therapeutic hypothermia or protective hypothermia, is an active treatment that tries to achieve and maintain a specific body temperature in a person for a specific duration of time in an effort to improve health outcomes during recovery after a period of stopped blood flow to the brain. [1]
For some, COVID-19 symptoms may persist weeks to months after the initial infection. In 2022, 6.9% of US adults reported to have experienced long COVID, according to a CDC survey .
Long-term complications of freezing cold injury depend on the extent of tissue damage. [1] Higher degrees of injury with firm skin after rewarming, hemorrhagic blisters, and tissue necrosis or gangrene carry a worse prognosis. [1] In addition to possible amputation, several complications have been reported months or years after initial injury . [3]
It does not require exposure to cold to develop. Levamisole toxicity is a vasculitis that can appear similar to frostbite. [18] It is caused by contamination of cocaine by levamisole. Skin lesions can look similar those of frostbite, but do not require cold exposure to occur. People who have hypothermia often have frostbite as well. [10]