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Anesthesia is required for many surgical procedures which require the patient to be immobile, unaware, and without pain. Furthermore, anesthesia aims to minimize the surgical stress response. [2] In addition, certain diagnostic procedures require anesthesia, notably stomach or airway endoscopy, bone marrow sampling, and occasionally ultrasound ...
Another complication can be stomach acid burning the inner lining of the lungs, causing aspiration pneumonia. Placing a patient in the recovery position gives gravity assistance to the clearance of physical obstruction of the airway by the tongue, and also gives a clear route by which fluid can drain from the airway.
Aspiration pneumonia most often develops due to micro-aspiration of saliva, or bacteria carried on food and liquids, in combination with impaired host immune function. [30] Chronic inflammation of the lungs is a key feature in aspiration pneumonia in elderly nursing home residents and presents as a sporadic fever (one day per week for several ...
Where the illness takes a scary turn is the development of pneumonia that won’t respond to antibiotics and can be deadly for dogs in as little as 24 hours. ... Most dog owners with sick pets ...
Signs include nasal discharge, recurring pneumonia, and infertility. Symptoms develop soon after birth. [184] Cleft lip and cleft palate are uncommon and generally cause difficulty with nursing, and, more seriously aspiration pneumonia. [6] Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is uncommon, and is usually caused by trauma.
Foreign bodies can also be removed by endoscopy, which although requires general anesthesia does not require surgery and significantly decreases recovery time. [19] However, endoscopic foreign body retrieval is anatomically limited to objects lodged in the esophagus, the stomach or the colon. The condition in cattle is known as hardware disease.
Chest X-rays can be useful in the diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia but may be negative early in the course. [12] Chest CT Scan can identify the presence of a pneumonia as well, and can also assist in characterizing abscesses, foreign objects, or pleural disease. Aspiration seen on barium swallow study.
The main hypothesized benefit of preoperative fasting is to prevent pulmonary aspiration of stomach contents while under the effects of general anesthesia. Aspiration of as little as 30–40 mL can be a significant cause of suffering and death during an operation and therefore fasting is performed to reduce the volume of stomach contents as much as possible.