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XY complete gonadal dysgenesis, also known as Swyer syndrome, is a type of defect hypogonadism in a person whose karyotype is 46,XY. Though they typically have normal vulvas, [1] the person has underdeveloped gonads, fibrous tissue termed "streak gonads", and if left untreated, will not experience puberty.
Streak gonads are a form of aplasia, resulting in hormonal failure that manifests as sexual infantism and infertility, with no initiation of puberty and secondary sex characteristics. [ 4 ] Gonadal development is a process, which is primarily controlled genetically by the chromosomal sex ( XX or XY ), which directs the formation of the gonad ...
Signs and Symptoms Individuals with XX gonadal dysgenesis appear phenotypical female with normal internal and external genitalia, bilateral streak gonads, and normal stature. Diagnosis commonly occurs in adolescence due to delayed puberty or amenorrhea.
All cancer screening tests generate both false-positive and false-negative results, with a tendency to yield more false positives. [10] False-negative tests may provide a false sense of reassurance, possibly leading to a bad prognosis if the cancer is diagnosed at a later stage, despite the utilization of surgeries, therapies, and other treatments.
Certain pregnancy tests can detect the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) as early as six days after fertilization occurs, but false negatives may occur (meaning the test shows ...
Prenatal testing is a tool that can be used to detect some birth defects at various stages prior to birth. Prenatal testing consists of prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis, which are aspects of prenatal care that focus on detecting problems with the pregnancy as early as possible. [1]
A pregnancy test detects the presence of the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin in a person’s body. The body doesn’t produce that hormone until several days after conception.
Maternal complications of pregnancy may include mirror syndrome. [2] Maternal complications of delivery may include a cesarean section or, alternatively, a vaginal delivery with mechanical dystocia. [3] Complications of the mass effect of a teratoma in general are addressed on the teratoma page.