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Federal income tax was first introduced under the Revenue Act of 1861 to help pay for the Civil War. It was renewed in later years and reformed in 1894 in the form of the Wilson-Gorman tariff. Legal challenges centered on whether the income tax then in force constituted a "direct tax". In the Springer v.
The Income Tax Act, 1961 is the charging statute of income tax in India. It provides for the levy, administration, collection, and recovery of income tax. The Government of India brought a draft statute called the Direct Taxes Code intended to replace the Income Tax Act, 1961 and the Wealth Tax Act, 1957. The bill, however, was later scrapped. [1]
Income tax is also levied by most U.S. states and many localities on individuals, corporations, estates, and trusts. These taxes are in addition to federal income tax and are deductible for federal tax purposes. State and local income tax rates vary from zero to 16% of taxable income. [63]
Income Tax Act 1976, a Statute of New Zealand; Income Tax Act 1985, an Act governing income taxes in Canada since 1917, with the current version enacted in 1985. The Income-tax Act, 1961, an Act of the Parliament of India; Individual Income Tax Act of 1944, an Act raising income tax in the United States
With respect to the federal income tax on individuals, the 1954 Code imposed a progressive tax with 24 income brackets applying to tax rates ranging from 20% to 91%. For example, the following is a schedule showing the federal marginal income tax rate imposed on each level of taxable income of a single (unmarried) individual under the 1954 Code:
Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Company, 157 U.S. 429 (1895), affirmed on rehearing, 158 U.S. 601 (1895), was a landmark case of the Supreme Court of the United States.In a 5–4 decision, the Supreme Court struck down the income tax imposed by the Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act for being an unapportioned direct tax.
The Individual Income Tax Act of 1944, Pub. L. No. 315, Ch. 210, 58 Stat. 231 (May 29, 1944), raised individual income tax rates in the United States [1] and repealed the 3% Victory Tax. [2] The Act also amended section 22 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939 to provide a definition for "adjusted gross income". [3] It standardized the value of ...
The 1961 act came in to force with effect from 1 April 1962 by replacing the Indian Income Tax Act, 1922, which had remained in operation for 40 years. The present law of income tax is governed by the Income Tax Act, 1961, which has 298 sections and four schedules and is applicable to whole of India, including the state of Jammu and Kashmir. [12]
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